Module 3 Process Piping Hydraulics Sizing And | Pressure Rating Pdf Exclusive !!hot!!

When liquids and gases flow simultaneously (e.g., boiler feed lines, oil-gas risers), they form complex flow patterns like slug, plug, annular, or mist flow. Two-phase flow design requires specialized empirical models (such as Lockhart-Martinelli or Beggs and Brill) to predict high pressure drops and prevent destructive slugging forces. 3. Pressure Rating and Wall Thickness Calculation

t=PD2(SEW+PY)t equals the fraction with numerator cap P cap D and denominator 2 open paren cap S cap E cap W plus cap P cap Y close paren end-fraction = Pressure design wall thickness ( = Internal design gage pressure ( MPacap M cap P a = Outside diameter of the pipe ( When liquids and gases flow simultaneously (e

hf=f⋅LD⋅v22gh sub f equals f center dot the fraction with numerator cap L and denominator cap D end-fraction center dot the fraction with numerator v squared and denominator 2 g end-fraction Alternatively, expressed as pressure drop ( ΔPfcap delta cap P sub f D is outside diameter

Where is design pressure, D is outside diameter, S is allowable stress, and E is the quality factor. S is allowable stress